问题解答(问答任务)¶

pip install transformers datasets evaluate

from huggingface_hub import notebook_login
notebook_login()

from datasets import load_dataset
squad = load_dataset("squad", split="train[:5000]")

squad = squad.train_test_split(test_size=0.2)

squad["train"][0]

from transformers import AutoTokenizer
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilbert/distilbert-base-uncased")

def preprocess_function(examples):
    questions = [q.strip() for q in examples["question"]]
    inputs = tokenizer(
        questions,
        examples["context"],
        max_length=384,
        truncation="only_second",
        return_offsets_mapping=True,
        padding="max_length",
    )

    offset_mapping = inputs.pop("offset_mapping")
    answers = examples["answers"]
    start_positions = []
    end_positions = []

    for i, offset in enumerate(offset_mapping):
        answer = answers[i]
        start_char = answer["answer_start"][0]
        end_char = answer["answer_start"][0] + len(answer["text"][0])
        sequence_ids = inputs.sequence_ids(i)

        # 找到上下文的开始和结束
        idx = 0
        while sequence_ids[idx] != 1:
            idx += 1
        context_start = idx
        while sequence_ids[idx] == 1:
            idx += 1
        context_end = idx - 1

        # 如果答案不完全在上下文中，标记为 (0, 0)
        if offset[context_start][0] > end_char or offset[context_end][1] < start_char:
            start_positions.append(0)
            end_positions.append(0)
        else:
            # 否则它是起始和结束标记的位置
            idx = context_start
            while idx <= context_end and offset[idx][0] <= start_char:
                idx += 1
            start_positions.append(idx - 1)

            idx = context_end
            while idx >= context_start and offset[idx][1] >= end_char:
                idx -= 1
            end_positions.append(idx + 1)

    inputs["start_positions"] = start_positions
    inputs["end_positions"] = end_positions
    return inputs

tokenized_squad = squad.map(preprocess_function, batched=True, remove_columns=squad["train"].column_names)

from transformers import DefaultDataCollator
data_collator = DefaultDataCollator()

from transformers import DefaultDataCollator
data_collator = DefaultDataCollator(return_tensors="tf")

from transformers import AutoModelForQuestionAnswering, TrainingArguments, Trainer
model = AutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("distilbert/distilbert-base-uncased")

training_args = TrainingArguments(
    output_dir="my_awesome_qa_model",
    eval_strategy="epoch",
    learning_rate=2e-5,
    per_device_train_batch_size=16,
    per_device_eval_batch_size=16,
    num_train_epochs=3,
    weight_decay=0.01,
    push_to_hub=True,
)

trainer = Trainer(
    model=model,
    args=training_args,
    train_dataset=tokenized_squad["train"],
    eval_dataset=tokenized_squad["test"],
    processing_class=tokenizer,
    data_collator=data_collator,
)

trainer.train()

trainer.push_to_hub()

from transformers import create_optimizer
batch_size = 16
num_epochs = 2
total_train_steps = (len(tokenized_squad["train"]) // batch_size) * num_epochs
optimizer, schedule = create_optimizer(
    init_lr=2e-5,
    num_warmup_steps=0,
    num_train_steps=total_train_steps,
)

from transformers import TFAutoModelForQuestionAnswering
model = TFAutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("distilbert/distilbert-base-uncased")

tf_train_set = model.prepare_tf_dataset(
    tokenized_squad["train"],
    shuffle=True,
    batch_size=16,
    collate_fn=data_collator,
)

tf_validation_set = model.prepare_tf_dataset(
    tokenized_squad["test"],
    shuffle=False,
    batch_size=16,
    collate_fn=data_collator,
)

import tensorflow as tf
model.compile(optimizer=optimizer)

from transformers.keras_callbacks import PushToHubCallback
callback = PushToHubCallback(
    output_dir="my_awesome_qa_model",
    tokenizer=tokenizer,
)

model.fit(x=tf_train_set, validation_data=tf_validation_set, epochs=3, callbacks=[callback])

question = "How many programming languages does BLOOM support?"
context = "BLOOM has 176 billion parameters and can generate text in 46 natural languages and 13 programming languages."

from transformers import pipeline
question_answerer = pipeline("question-answering", model="my_awesome_qa_model")
question_answerer(question=question, context=context)

from transformers import AutoTokenizer
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("my_awesome_qa_model")
inputs = tokenizer(question, context, return_tensors="pt")

import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForQuestionAnswering
model = AutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("my_awesome_qa_model")
with torch.no_grad():
    outputs = model(**inputs)

answer_start_index = outputs.start_logits.argmax()
answer_end_index = outputs.end_logits.argmax()

predict_answer_tokens = inputs.input_ids[0, answer_start_index : answer_end_index + 1]
tokenizer.decode(predict_answer_tokens)

from transformers import AutoTokenizer
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("my_awesome_qa_model")
inputs = tokenizer(question, text, return_tensors="tf")

from transformers import TFAutoModelForQuestionAnswering
model = TFAutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("my_awesome_qa_model")
outputs = model(**inputs)

answer_start_index = int(tf.math.argmax(outputs.start_logits, axis=-1)[0])
answer_end_index = int(tf.math.argmax(outputs.end_logits, axis=-1)[0])

predict_answer_tokens = inputs.input_ids[0, answer_start_index : answer_end_index + 1]
tokenizer.decode(predict_answer_tokens)